Fig. 10.
Ultrasound-guided thoracic paravertebral blocks using a transversal transducer position, medial techniques. (A) Transversal cross-section at thoracic level T6 at the level of the inferior articulate process (IAP). The superior costotransverse ligament (SCTL, pink) is highlighted by a dotted outline. (B) Illustration depicting transducer position and needle trajectory using lateral to medial (4) or medial to lateral angulation (5). Continuous line = in-plane technique. Dotted line = out-of-plane technique. The arrow numbers refer to figure 5. A = anterior; DRG = dorsal root ganglion; eim = external intercostal muscle; es= erector spinae muscle; iimb = internal intercostal membrane (green); L = lateral; lc = levator costarum muscle; M = medial; P = posterior; SP = spinous process; ST = sympathetic trunk.