Fig. 9.
Increased S1PR2 levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells were positively correlated with the severity of sepsis. (A) S1PR2 mRNA levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from human subjects. Expression level of S1PR2 was evaluated using quantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction. β-Actin was used as an internal control. n = 9 for controls, and n = 25 for septic patients. Dots represent individual subjects, and data are presented as mean ± SD. Data were analyzed by Student t test. (B) Correlations of S1PR2 expression with Acute Physiologic and Chronic Health Evaluation II scores in the septic patients (r = 0.845, P < 0.001). Data were analyzed by Spearman correlation test. (C) Representative microscopic images of red fluorescent–labeled Escherichia coli engulfed by monocytes collected from peripheral blood of septic patients or controls. n = 1 for nonseptic patient group, and n = 3 for septic patients groups. Magnification is ×200. (D) Peripheral blood mononuclear cells of each patient (C) were isolated by density gradient centrifugation. Gene transcripts of S1PR2 were detected by semiquantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction and analyzed on an agarose gel by electrophoresis. β-Actin was served as an internal control. S1PR2 = sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 2. *P < 0.05.