Emulsified isoflurane (EI) decreased temperature thresholds for inducing long-lasting sensory/nociceptive blockade by QX-314. QX-314 at concentration of 1% was used. (A) Nociceptive blockade was evaluated by tail-clamping test. (B) Sensory blockade was evaluated by tail-flick test and calculated by percentage of maximum possible effect (%MPE). By adding EI, temperature threshold for inducing long-lasting sensory/nociceptive blockade was significantly decreased to approximately 42°C. Intralipid at 30% did not produce any enhancement (not shown in this figure). All the results of this figure are listed in table 2.