Study timeline. Incoming clinical anesthesia year-1 trainees were evaluated in 2013 during three conditions. The month before starting anesthesia was considered baseline and psychological data were collected remotely. In-person visit 1 occurred in weeks 2 and 3 of the first month of clinical anesthesia year-1 training. Follow-up visit 2 was identical to visit 1 and occurred during an operating room or pain rotation in the fall.