Fig. 5.
Effects of different times of ligation of the splenic artery to stop bleeding after administration of ICI 174,864 on hemorrhagic shock in rats (n = 10 per group). (A) Survival time after ligation; (B) survival number; (C) blood loss; (D) volume of fluid infusion. Hypo = permissive hypotensive (50 mmHg) resuscitation group; ICI = ICI 174,864, delta-opioid receptor antagonist; ICI-1, -2, -3, hypo-1, -2, LR-1, -2 = different ligation time points; LR = lactated Ringer’s solution. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, as compared with the LR group; #P < 0.05, as compared with the 50-mmHg group.