Fig. 6. Effect of nebulized lidocaine on T-helper 2 cytokine and eotaxin levels triggered by ovalbumin in sensitized mice. Eotaxin-1 (CCL11) (A ), interleukin (IL)-5 (B ), IL-4 (C ), and IL-13 (D ) levels were measured in lung tissue homogenates obtained from negative controls (saline challenge) and positive controls (ovalbumin challenge) in the absence or presence of lidocaine treatment (0.25 to 1%), n = 6 in each group. Data are expressed as median and interquartile range. +P < 0.05 as compared with negative-control mice; *P < 0.05 as compared with ovalbumin-challenged mice; #P < 0.05 as compared with ovalbumin-challenged mice treated with 0.25% lidocaine. OVA = ovalbumin.