Fig. 1. Langendorff measurements of LV function in WT, MyD88^−/−, Trif^−/−mice during polymicrobial sepsis. Twenty-four hours after CLP or sham surgery, the hearts were isolated and perfused in a Langendorff apparatus. Left ventricular (LV) contractile function was measured as described in Materials and Methods. (A ) MyD88^−/−versus  WT; (B ) Trif^−/−versus  WT. CLP = cecum ligation and puncture; dP/dt^max= the maximum first derivative of LVDP; dP/dt^min= the minimum first derivative of LVDP; LVDP = left ventricular developed pressure; MyD88 = myeloid differentiation factor 88; Trif = TIR-domain-containing adaptor protein inducing interferon-β mediated transcription-factor; WT = wild-type. Each data point and error bar represents the mean ± SE. The number of animals in each group: WT-Sham = 3; WT-CLP = 8; MyD88^−/−-Sham = 3, MyD88^−/−-CLP = 8, Trif^−/−-Sham = 5, Trif^−/−-CLP = 7. **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001, MyD88^−/−-CLP or WT-Sham versus  WT-CLP; #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01 WT-CLP versus  WT-Sham.