Fig. 3. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in isolated mitochondria with pyruvate and malate (P/M) as substrates. Representative traces show that rotenone (A ), antimycin A (B ), and ubiquinone (C ) induced ROS production to a larger extent in the presence compared with the absence (Con) of isoflurane (Iso). (D ) Summary of the recordings. Summary data are mean ± SD. P/M alone; n = 10/group. Rotenone, antimycin A, and ubiquinone; n = 8/group. *P < 0.05 versus  corresponding Con; #P < 0.05 versus  respective Con with P/M alone.