Fig. 1.  Experimental work flow, which is closely related to the standard anesthetic management for thoracic surgery. The figure presents ventilation setup, position, and status of the left hemithorax and timing of different procedures, interventions, and computed tomographic (CT) scans. The pig was placed into the right lateral decubitus position after preparation. Thereafter, the left upper nondependent hemithorax was opened. The position of the animal was not changed throughout the study. The alveolar recruitment maneuvers (ARMs) were performed during two-lung ventilation (TLV) before and after one-lung ventilation (OLV). PEEP = positive end-expiratory pressure; T = time point; V^T= tidal volume.