Fig. 5. Simulated concentrations of propofol in the plasma (Cp , A and B ) and effect-site (Ce , C and D ) after an intravenous bolus of propofol 2 mg/kg in volunteers showing type 1 (A and C ) and 2 (B and D ) emergence, respectively. No values of Cp and Ce at loss of consciousness (LOC) and recovery of consciousness (ROC) demonstrated statistically significant differences between the two types of emergence. Numeric data on the plots are stated as mean ± SD (t test) or median (25%, 75%) (Mann–Whitney rank sum test). Median values (solid lines ) with 90% CI (dotted lines ) of simulated Cp and Ce in 2,000 stochastic simulations are shown. Shaded areas within 90% CI represent the periods during which LOC and ROC were observed. A black dot represents Cp or Ce in an individual, which corresponds to the event of LOC or ROC. These values were obtained by deterministic simulations.