Fig. 6.
Effect of premedication with midazolam on cortical complexity. (A) Spatiotemporal Lempel–Ziv complexity, normalized spatiotemporal Lempel–Ziv complexity, average temporal Lempel–Ziv complexity, and normalized average temporal Lempel–Ziv complexity of electroencephalogram data before the first intraoperative anesthetic medication administration. (B) Topographical representation of temporal Lempel–Ziv complexity and normalized temporal Lempel–Ziv complexity with and without midazolam premedication. (C) Region-wise analysis of the temporal Lempel–Ziv complexity and normalized temporal Lempel–Ziv complexity. For (A) and (C), the central mark in each box represents the median values, with the edges representing the 25th and 75th percentiles. The extending whiskers are the most extreme data points determined by the MATLAB algorithm (version 2019b; MathWorks, Inc., USA) to be nonoutliers, and the red crosses are those values deemed to be outliers. *Significance (P value shown); Wilcoxon rank sum test.