Diagram of genuine permutation cross mutual information (GPCMI) measurements and GPCMI based cortical networks. (A) The motifs (M) of the order 4(4!). (B) Two original 10 s electrocorticogram epochs (x and y) from different electrodes, the corresponding surrogate data (s) generated from x and several motifs (order = 4, and lag = 1) from y. (C) The probability distributions of x and s, and cross-probability distribution of 10-s times series x and s denoted as p(x), p(s) and p(xs), respectively, with embedding dimension m = 4 and the lag τ = 1. (D) The probability distribution and cross-probability distribution of time series x and y, similar to C. (E) GPCMI matrix between all pairs of channels from one patient at a given time. (F) Spatial visualization of the connection matrix in E.