Fig. 2.
Sevoflurane preconditioning (SPC) enhances the nuclear factor-E2–related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation. Western blot analysis (A) and immunofluorescent micrographs (B) showing increased Nrf2 expression in the penumbra of SPC group (n = 6 at each time point; *P < 0.05 vs. ischemia/reperfusion [I/R] group). The white arrows indicate the Nrf2-positive cells. Scale bar = 40 μm. Representative Western blots and semiquantitative analyses showing increased Nrf2 expression in the cytoplasm (C) and nucleus (D). Quantitative analyses showed that SPC increased the Nrf2 nuclear translocation (E; n = 4 per group; *P < 0.05 vs. I/R group at the same time points). Representative micrographs of Nrf2 subcellular localization in neurons (F) and astrocytes (G). Scale bar = 5 μm. All data were expressed as mean ± SD. Two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc test was used for Nrf2 temporal examination. One-way ANOVA with Tukey post hoc test was used for statistical analysis.