Airway management devices. Top: model of upper and lower jaws gripping a screw-type mouth gag (introduced in the 1860s by Dr. Franz F. von Pitha, Germany). Below right to left: Hare combined mouth prop and tongue depressor (patented by William Hare, USA, in 1903), wooden mouth wedge (introduced in the 1860s by Dr. Franz F. von Pitha, Germany), Carmalt tongue forceps (cca. 1910), Heister-Mott mouth gag (introduced in Germany by Lorenz Heister in 1718 and in United States by Valentine Mott in 1829). Picture taken by the author at the Wood Library-Museum of Anesthesiology, Schaumburg, Illinois, with their kind support.