Fig. 3.
Howard’s description (1888) of utmost extension of the head and neck at the edge of the bed with mouth closed (bed added by the author). This maneuver relieved the obstruction generated by the soft palate (a), tongue (b), and epiglottis (c) while relying on a patent nasal ventilation route (arrows). Howard B: A new and only way of raising the epiglottis. BMJ 1888; 1455:1106, with kind permission for publication from the British Medical Journal.79