Simulated infusion rates for a target-controlled infusion with a constant target concentration of propofol, remimazolam and remifentanil, respectively. For remimazolam, the final pharmacokinetic model with the typical parameter estimates for a body weight of 75 kg was used. Pharmacokinetic models from previous studies were used for propofol¹⁶  and remifentanil,¹⁷  assuming a body weight of 75 kg, an age of 25 yr, and a lean body mass of 60 kg. The infusion rate is expressed as ratio of the actual infusion rate and the infusion rate at steady state, as this ratio is independent of the target concentration. The initial bolus dose is not shown.