Vascular permeability in mice subjected to intestinal ischemia–reperfusion. Intestinal ischemia–reperfusion (IR) model mice (30-min ischemia followed by 3 h of reperfusion) were treated with saline (IR group) or 10 mg/kg recombinant thrombomodulin (IR + rTM group). (A to D) Representative images of the liver, jejunum, lung, and kidney from the mice injected with Evans blue dye. Vascular leakage was evaluated in the liver (E; sham vs. IR group, P = 0.039; IR vs. IR + rTM group, P = 0.035), jejunum (F; sham vs. IR group, P = 0.006; IR vs. IR + rTM group, P = 0.728), lung (G; sham vs. IR group, P = 0.044; IR vs. IR + rTM group, P = 0.157), and kidney (H; sham vs. IR group, P = 0.007; IR vs. IR + rTM group, P = 0.247; n = 8 mice in the sham group, n = 10 in the IR group, and n = 9 in the IR + rTM group, n = 27 total). The data are exhibited as whisker box plots wherein the middle line indicates the median; the upper and lower box lines indicate the third and first quartiles, respectively; and the whiskers extend to the highest and lowest values within 1.5 times the interquartile range from the box edges. Outliers beyond the whiskers are indicated as dots. *P < 0.05 versus respective control.