Fig. 5. Effects of sevoflurane, halothane, and xenon (each at 1 minimum alveolar concentration) on isoproterenol (isop. )–stimulated L-type Ca²⁺currents in comparison with controls. (A ) Effects on the moved charge (Q ). (B ) Effects on the peak current (I^max). The significance of differences from controls (placebo) is indicated (*P < 0.05; ***P < 0.001;ns , P > 0.05; Dunnett test for multiple comparisons with one control group). In all cells including controls (never exposed to an anesthetic), Q and I^maxderive from measurements after an identically long exposure to isoproterenol (1 μm). The numbers  denote the number of experiments in each group.