Table 1. Demographic Characteristics of Patients

Data are provided as incidences (N) and percent of population, or as the mean ± SD, as appropriate. Definitions of the demographic factors are provided in Appendix II. P  values are provided for comparisons between women and men in each data set, using t  test, unless otherwise indicated.

* Chi square test.

† Mann–Whitney test.

‡ Patients requiring emergent surgery were specifically excluded from the 1995 data collection.

BMI = body mass index; MI = myocardial infarction; SD = standard deviation.