Fig. 13. PC12 cells were pretreated with (+) or without (−) 5 μm BAPTA-AM for 1 h and then treated with (+) or without (−) 1 mm tetracaine for 4 h, and LDH activity was analyzed. Data are mean ± SD from three different experiments, each conducted in triplicate. *P < 0.05 versus  only presence of tetracaine (A ). After pretreatment described as above, cells were subjected to media in the presence or absence of 1 mm tetracaine for 1 h. Proteins (70 μg) were separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and Western blot analysis was performed with phospho-ERK (B ) or phospho–stress-activated protein kinases–JNK antibody (C ).