Table 3. Hemodynamic Effects of Isoflurane
Data are mean ± SEM; n = 8.
* Significantly (P < 0.05) different from baseline.
† Significantly (P < 0.05) different from 0.6 minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) isoflurane.
‡ Significantly (P < 0.05) different from 0.9 MAC isoflurane.
HR = heart rate; MAP = mean arterial pressure; RPP = rate–pressure product; LV = left ventricle;
+dP/dtmax= maximum rate of increase of left ventricular pressure; τ= time constant of LV isovolumic relaxation; LA = left atrium; Pes, Ped, and Pmean= end-systolic, end-diastolic, and mean pressures, respectively; Ves, Ved, Vmax, V0s, and V0r= end-systolic, end-diastolic, maximum, Eesintercept, and Eerintercept volumes, respectively; PV = pressure–volume; SV = stroke volume; RV = reservoir volume; EF = emptying fraction; [ET]= end-tidal concentration.