Fig. 2. Echocardiographic four-chamber view of the heart at end-systole. After anesthesia induction and during mechanical ventilation, the enlarged right atrium and ventricule (RA and RV) cause a leftward shift of the interatrial and interventricular septa (arrows) and collapse of the left atria (LA) and left ventricule (LV). After successful bilateral lung transplantation and weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass, transesophageal echocardiography shows normalization of the dimensions of the cardiac cavities.