Fig. 1.
Schematic flowsheet for femoral–internal jugular venovenous (VV) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). This flowsheet represents the course of blood flow in femoral–internal jugular VV ECMO. The blue boxes and lines represent mixed venous blood, red represents oxygenated blood, and purple represents admixture of oxygenated post–ECMO blood and mixed venous blood, which first occurs in the right atrium. Blood entering the systemic circulation from the pulmonary circulation remains admixed in oxygen content based on the assumption that native lung gas exchange is negligible. The addition of oxygen (or fresh gas) and heat exchange occurs as blood traverses the membrane lung (oxygenator).