Fig. 2.
Univariable association between 30-day mortality and measures of mean arterial pressure (MAP) variability and location. Univariable association between 30-day mortality and (A) generalized average real variability (ARV) of MAP, (B) SD of MAP, and (C) time-weighted average (TWA) of MAP. Curves derived from univariable logistic regression smoothed by restricted cubic spline with 3 degrees of freedom and knots at 10th, 50th, and 90th percentiles of predictor. Shaded areas represent estimated 95% point-wise CIs. Results: (A) 30-day mortality increases steeply with increasing ARV of MAP to approximately 3 mmHg/min and then more slowly; (B) SD of MAP has slight U-shaped relationship with 30-day mortality; and (C) 30-day mortality decreases steeply up to TWA of MAP of approximately 90 mmHg and then increases. See figure 3 for multivariable results—that is, the independent association of each factor with 30-day mortality.