Fig. 6. Effects of hemin, tin protoporphyrin, and hemoglobin (Hb) on the activation of nuclear factor E2–related factor 2 (Nrf2) and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)–stimulated murine macrophages. Representative gel photography illustrates the products of immunoblotting assay. The Nrf2, NF-κB p65, and β-actin (the internal standard) protein concentrations in the nuclear extracts and the phosphorylated inhibitor κBα (phos-I-κBα) and β-actin protein concentrations in the cytosolic extracts were determined, and the Nrf2, NF-κB p65, and phos-I-κBα protein concentrations were normalized by β-actin. Data are expressed as mean ± SD. Only data derived from samples that were harvested at 15 and 120 min after LPS exposure are illustrated. H = hemin; L = lipopolysaccharide; S = tin protoporphyrin. # P < 0.05 compared with the L group. § P < 0.05, L + H group versus L + H + S group or L + H group versus L + H + Hb group.