Fig. 4. Percentage change in maximal rate of pressure development (dP/dt^max) with leg elevation before and after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) with the different anesthetic regimens. With desflurane and sevoflurane, the response to leg elevation is similar before and after CPB. With propofol and midazolam, dP/dt^maxdecreased significantly after CPB. Data are presented as mean ± SD. * Statistically significant (  P < 0.05) difference with pre-CPB; # statistically significant (  P < 0.05) difference with the total intravenous anesthetic regimen.