Fig. 3. Reversibility of time-dependent inhibition by local anesthetics (LAs). (A ) Mean ± SD for superoxide anion production of human neutrophils (hPMNs) primed with platelet-activating factor (1 μm) and activated by f-methionine-leucine-phenylalanine (1 μm) after 6 h of incubation with bupivacaine (1 μm; black bar ) and washout with plain buffer solution for various durations (gray bars ) (n = 15). Data are normalized to corresponding control cells (white bar ), which underwent exactly the same procedure solely in the absence of the LA. (B ) Mean ± SD of lysophosphatidic acid responses in oocytes, elicited by stimulation with lysophosphatidic acid (0.6 μm) after 48 h of incubation with bupivacaine (4.5 mm; black bar ) and washout with plain Barth solution for various durations (gray bars ) (n = 22). Data are normalized to corresponding control responses (white bar ), obtained from oocytes that underwent exactly the same procedure solely in the absence of the LA.