Fig. 3. The bias of simulated γ estimates (the true value minus the mean of the estimate, normalized by the true value) for different numbers of subjects and 1 (□), 3 (▪), 5 (▴), or 10 (▵) data points per patient. The upper panel shows the results for true γ= 1; the middle panel shows the results for true γ= 3; and the lower panel shows the results for true γ= 6.