Fig. 5. Cell survival (A ) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release (B ) in human microvascular endothelial cells after immediate or delayed (12 h or 24 h) isoflurane pretreatment in absence or presence of adenosine triphosphate–sensitive potassium (K^ATP) inhibitors (glybenclamide, 5-hydroxydecanoate [5-HD], or 1-[5-[2- (5-chloro-o-anisamido)ethyl]-2-methoxyphenyl]sulfonyl-3-methyl-thiourea [HMR-1098]). Asterisk  denotes that K^ATPinhibitors abolished the protective effects of isoflurane. Data are mean ± SD (n = 6). Significance was considered as P < 0.05.