Table 1. Epidural and Intrathecal Pharmacokinetic Parameters

A,F,S, or M indicates which opioids are significantly different from that opioid.

A = alfentanil; AUC = area under concentration–time curve; F = fentanyl; M = morphine; MRT = mean residence time; S = sufentanil; Term Elim. t^1/2= terminal elimination half-life.