Table 2. Univariable Analysis of Association of Preoperative Treatments, Urgency of Surgery, and Anesthetic Factors with Perioperative Myocardial Infarction

*P  values are from the McNemar test; all odds ratios (OR) represent the perioperative myocardial infarction (PMI) group (control group is reference with OR 1.0).

† Mean maximal intraoperative heart rate did not differ between patients receiving β-blocker therapy and those not receiving therapy (87 beats/min versus  91 beats/min, respectively;P = 0.19), indicating that β-blockade in these patients was inadequate.

‡ General anesthesia was compared with neuraxial (spinal, epidural) anesthesia.

CI = confidence interval; ACE = angiotensin converting enzyme; CABG = coronary artery bypass grafting; PTCA = percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty; PAC = pulmonary artery catheter.