Issues
Table of Contents
Anesthesiology
Editorial Board
Anesthesiology
This Month in Anesthesiology
This Month In: Anesthesiology
Science, Medicine, and the Anesthesiologist
Science, Medicine, and the Anesthesiologist: Key Papers from the Most Recent Literature Relevant to Anesthesiologists
Infographics in Anesthesiology
Infographics in Anesthesiology: Complex Information for Anesthesiologists Presented Quickly and Clearly
Anesthesiology CME Program
Instructions for Obtaining Anesthesiology Continuing Medical Education (CME) Credit
Editorial
Introduction to the Anesthesiology Medical Education Theme Issue
Avoiding Professional Extinction
Objective Structured Clinical Examination and Board Certification in Anesthesiology
American Society of Anesthesiologists’ Lifeline to Learning
On the Fabric of the Human Body and Modern Ultrasound Imaging
Time to Flip the Pain Curriculum?
But What if There Are No Teachers …?
Can Physician Performance Be Assessed via Simulation?
The Right Ingredients: Essential if You Want to Bake the Cake Right!
Special Articles
Competency-based Education in Anesthesiology: History and Challenges
Can Simulation Help to Answer the Demand for Echocardiography Education?
“Masters of Anaesthesia”: M.S.A. Degrees during the 1893 World’s Fair from Chicago’s Post-Graduate School of Anaesthesia
Perioperative Medicine
Despite Differences in Cytosolic Calcium Regulation, Lidocaine Toxicity Is Similar in Adult and Neonatal Rat Dorsal Root Ganglia In Vitro
In a model of neuronal cultures of dorsal root ganglia neurons from postnatal day 7 and adult rats, lidocaine induced similar cytotoxic and apoptotic effects on neonatal and adult rat dorsal root ganglia neurons despite differences in their KCl-evoked calcium responses in vitro.
Preoperative Thrombocytopenia and Postoperative Outcomes after Noncardiac Surgery
Abnormal platelet counts were common, occurring in 1 of 14 patients. Patients with low platelet counts were more likely to require transfusion and more likely to die.
Critical Care Medicine
Immobilization with Atrophy Induces De Novo Expression of Neuronal Nicotinic α7 Acetylcholine Receptors in Muscle Contributing to Neurotransmission
After immobilization, immature nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) did not contribute to neurotransmission, however, α7AChRs were up-regulated and also contributed to neuromuscular transmission. Resistance to clinically used muscle relaxants seen with immobilization might be related to functional expression of insensitive α7AChRs.
Pain Medicine
Ultrasonography of the Cervical Spine: An In Vitro Anatomical Validation Model
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text.
An in vitro model was constructed and validated for ultrasound imaging of the cervical spine. Ultrasound images are provided for the key landmarks: mastoid process, transverse process of C1, tubercles of C6 and C7, and cervical laminae.
Hamilton Acute Pain Service Safety Study: Using Root Cause Analysis to Reduce the Incidence of Adverse Events
Comparing data from over 35,000 postoperative patients before and after a root cause analysis–led intervention showed a reduction by 1/3 in major adverse events, accompanied by an increase by 1/3 in the incidence of severe pain.
Education: Images in Anesthesiology
From Simulation to Separation Surgery: A Tale of Two Twins
Education: Original Investigations in Education
Facilitation of Resident Scholarly Activity: Strategy and Outcome Analyses Using Historical Resident Cohorts and a Rank-to-Match Population
Since 2006 the University of Pittsburgh instituted a series of initiatives regarding resident research, resulting in increased research involvement by faculty and productivity by residents in comparison to historical and matched controls.
Resident Characterization of Better-than- and Worse-than-Average Clinical Teaching
In a two-step process, comments from faculty evaluations over a 2-yr period at one institution were studied to identify themes associated with above- and below-average ratings by trainees. Thirteen themes were identified using trainee evaluations and these fell into four domains associated with outstanding teaching.
Simulation-based Assessment to Identify Critical Gaps in Safe Anesthesia Resident Performance
A multiscenario, simulation-based performance assessment of 22 fi rst-year residents and 8 fellows from two institutions showed high reliability, validity, and generalizability. A majority of trainees and faculty judged the assessment to be useful, realistic, and representative of critical skills required for safe practice.
Building the Evidence on Simulation Validity: Comparison of Anesthesiologists’ Communication Patterns in Real and Simulated Cases
In an evaluation of 20 anesthesiologists, communication pattern for routine cases was similar during simulation as during clinical care in the operating room, supporting the ecologic validity of simulation.
Simulator Training Enhances Resident Performance in Transesophageal Echocardiography
This study showed that mannequin-based transesophageal echocardiography simulation training was superior to conventional didactic training on acquisition of good-quality echocardiographic images in patients by residents in training.
Improving Faculty Feedback to Resident Trainees during a Simulated Case: A Randomized, Controlled Trial of an Educational Intervention
Training improved faculty ability to maintain a psychologically safe environment, explore the resident’s frame of reference, and address professionalism along with technical issues.
Automated Near–Real-time Clinical Performance Feedback for Anesthesiology Residents: One Piece of the Milestones Puzzle
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text.
An automated, near–real–time feedback system was generated from a perioperative information management system and refined using resident feedback.
Performance Assessment in Airway Management Training for Nonanesthesiology Trainees: An Analysis of 4,282 Airway Procedures Performed at a Level-1 Trauma Center
In a study of nearly 100 trainees undergoing a 4-week rotation, with over 4,200 airway procedures, fi rst-attempt success at endotracheal intubation increased as a function of rotation week, as did self-reported laryngoscopic view.
Education: Review Article
Designing and Implementing the Objective Structured Clinical Examination in Anesthesiology
This is a review of the history and current use of Objective Structured Clinical Examination, and challenges in design and implementation including the psychometrics of test design.
Cognitive Processes in Anesthesiology Decision Making
Errors in medical decisions may contribute significantly to adverse events. The authors review current knowledge of nonrational cognitive processes in human decision making, identify vulnerable anesthesia decisions, and suggest strategies for mitigating effects of these processes.
Addressing the Mandate for Hand-off Education: A Focused Review and Recommendations for Anesthesia Resident Curriculum Development and Evaluation
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text.
Hand-off and curriculum literature is reviewed to provide recommendations for anesthesia-specific resident hand-off curriculum and evaluation.
Education: Mind to Mind
Pulmonary Pathophysiology in Another Galaxy
Secrets of a Resident
A Place to Stand
My Understanding of Being an Anesthesiologist
Correspondence
Complexities of Basic Science
In Reply
Performance of Retrograde Light-guided Laryngoscopy for Tracheal Intubation
In Reply
Applying Systematic Criteria for Type and Screen Based on Procedure’s Probability of Erythrocyte Transfusion
In Reply
Factor Eight Inhibitor Bypass Activity for Novel Oral Anticoagulant Reversal
Acute Kidney Injury, Surgery, and Angiotensin Axis Blockade
In Reply
The Overpowered Mega-study Is a New Class of Study Needing a New Way of Being Reviewed
In Reply
Reviews of Educational Material
Anesthesiology Reflections from the Wood Library-Museum
Professor Ralph Waters’ Hickman Medal
Announcement and Call For Abstracts
2014 Annual Journal Symposium
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