Monitoring and controlling lung stress and diaphragm effort has been hypothesized to limit lung injury and diaphragm injury. In this issue of Anesthesiology, de Vries et al. hypothesized that noninvasively measurable correlates would have strong discriminative performance in identifying extremes of lung stress and diaphragm effort. In an accompanying editorial, Dianti and Goligher examined the history of respiratory effort and proposed that these routine noninvasive measurements should become standard practice in the management of patients receiving mechanical ventilation. Cover illustration: A. Johnson, Vivo Visuals Studio.

  • de Vries et al.: Performance of Noninvasive Airway Occlusion Maneuvers to Assess Lung Stress and Diaphragm Effort in Mechanically Ventilated Critically Ill Patients, p. 274

  • Dianti and Goligher: Monitoring Respiratory Effort and Lung-distending Pressure Noninvasively during Mechanical Ventilation: Ready for Prime Time, p. 235