Perioperative Neurocognitive Disorder: Reply

We thank Giordano et al.¹  for their interest in our review²  and perioperative neurocognitive disorder in general. The role of mechanical ventilation per se in perioperative neurocognitive disorder, while feasible, is uncertain, as it is difficult to isolate from the many other features of the perioperative period, such as surgery, anesthesia, or extended critical care. In the specific case of our review, there are few if any reports of mechanical ventilation in preclinical models; thus, we regret that we cannot comment further on the role at this time.

The authors receive funding from an unrelated National Institutes of Health grant (Bethesda, Maryland; grant No. R01GM135633) and declare no competing interests.